February 4, 2025

How to protect your home after los angeles fires

The Hidden Hazards of Toxic Smoke: How to Protect Your Home After Los Angeles Fires

The sprawling metropolis of Los Angeles is no stranger to wildfires, making it essential to understand How to Protect Your Home After Los Angeles Fires. With its arid climate, dry vegetation, and powerful Santa Ana winds, the city and its surrounding areas have repeatedly faced the devastation of massive fires, including the recent Palisades Fire and Eaton Fire. These fires have caused significant fire damage and heightened the risk of toxic materials spreading, far more than anyone had anticipated.

Beyond the immediate threats to life, property, and ecosystems, these fires release an often-overlooked danger: toxins in the air. Local authorities, including the fire department and the los angeles county department, are crucial in managing these hazards. Along with the bad air quality, homes all around the Los Angeles metro area are inundated with these toxins. This article explores the hazards of these airborne toxins, how they infiltrate homes, and the critical steps required to detoxify indoor spaces effectively.

The Toxic Cocktail of Wildfire Smoke

When wildfires consume vegetation, buildings, and vehicles, they release a mix of harmful substances into the atmosphere. Smoke from these fires contains fine particulate matter (PM2.5), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide, and other hazardous chemicals. These toxins not only pose immediate health risks when inhaled outdoors but also settle onto surfaces and penetrate indoor environments, creating long-term health hazards.

Particulate Matter: PM2.5 particles are so small that they can penetrate deep into the lungs and enter the bloodstream, causing respiratory and cardiovascular issues.

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs): These chemicals, often derived from burning synthetic materials, can cause headaches, dizziness, and long-term health effects, including cancer.

Heavy Metals and Toxic Ash: Fires that consume buildings and infrastructure release hazardous materials, including heavy metals such as lead and arsenic, which can settle in ash and dust, contaminating homes.

How Toxins Invade Indoor Spaces

Even if a home is not directly in the path of the fire, airborne toxins can infiltrate through open windows, doors, and even tiny cracks and gaps in walls. HVAC systems and air ducts can draw in contaminated air, distributing it throughout the home. Once inside, these toxins settle onto surfaces, fabrics, and furniture, embedding themselves in dust and creating a toxic indoor environment.

Residents may unknowingly continue to breathe in these hazardous particles long after the fires are extinguished, leading to chronic health issues. Children, the elderly, and individuals with preexisting health conditions are particularly vulnerable to these effects.

The Importance of Proper Home Detoxification

Cleaning up after a wildfire is not as simple as sweeping or wiping down surfaces. The recovery process involves careful debris removal and adherence to safety precautions like using mask, safety goggles, long sleeve shirts and long pants. In fact, improper cleaning methods can exacerbate the problem, spreading toxins rather than removing them. Here is a step-by-step guide to detoxifying your home effectively, as experts suggest following these precautions immediately after the fires.

 

Step 1: HEPA Air Filtration

 

HEPA air filtration should be running before and during cleaning following fires because it helps capture fine particles, such as soot, ash, and potentially harmful airborne toxins, that are released into the air during cleanup. Running a HEPA filter unit ensures the air is continuously cleaned, reducing the risk of inhaling hazardous particles and creating a safer environment during the cleaning process.

Step 2: HEPA Vacuuming

 

The second and most critical step is to use a certified 2-stage high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) vacuum filtration equipped with both an allergy filtration bag and an HEPA filter. The allergy filtration bags pick up 99.97% of air particles and HEPA filters are designed to capture fine particles that were missed, including PM2.5, ensuring that toxins are removed from surfaces rather than redistributed into the air which home and commercial vacuums will do.

The vacuuming needs to be done on all surfaces from ceiling to floor.  Carpets, rugs, upholstery, and other soft surfaces should be thoroughly vacuumed. Even hard floors benefit from HEPA vacuuming to remove fine particulate matter that has settled where sweeping returns the toxins back into the air allowing it to enter our bodies through breathing.

Step 3: Wet Wipe Cleaning

 

After vacuuming, all hard surfaces should be cleaned with damp microfiber cloths or mop pads. This method captures any remaining residue and prevents the re-aerosolization of particles. Using disposable or washable cleaning materials ensures that toxins are not spread to other areas of the home.

Why the Order Matters

It might seem logical to begin cleaning by wiping down surfaces but doing so before HEPA vacuuming can spread settled toxins into the air. This not only prolongs the cleaning process but also increases the risk of inhaling harmful particles. By vacuuming first, you remove the majority of contaminants, making the wet wipe cleaning process far more effective.

Additional Measures for a Healthier Home

  • Clean HVAC Ducts and Replace Filters: Ensure that HVAC systems are equipped with HEPA filters and replace them regularly during and after wildfire season. Additionally, residents returning home should inspect water systems and contact local authorities for a damage assessment.
  • Air Purifiers: Invest in portable air purifiers with HEPA filters for additional protection, especially in bedrooms and living areas.
  • Seal Cracks and Gaps: Inspect windows, doors, and walls for openings that could allow smoke and toxins to infiltrate.
  • Professional Testing: In cases of severe contamination, consider hiring professionals to test indoor air quality and surfaces for hazardous residues.

The Long-Term Impact of Wildfire Toxins

The health risks of wildfire smoke and toxic contaminants can linger long after the flames are extinguished. Chronic exposure to indoor air pollution from hazardous materials like heavy metals, carbon monoxide, and fine particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) can lead to respiratory illness, weakened immune function, and even long-term diseases such as cancer.

With wildfires becoming more frequent and intense due to climate change, the need for awareness and preparedness has never been greater. Proper home detoxification isn’t just about cleaning up debris—it’s a crucial step in protecting your health and ensuring a safe living environment for your family.

According to air quality experts from the EPA and the California Air Resources Board (CARB), prolonged exposure to wildfire smoke significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular damage, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other respiratory complications. Taking proactive steps to purify indoor air, remove toxic residues, and improve ventilation can help mitigate these long-term health effects.

Rebuilding and Safety After a Fire

Recovering from a wildfire requires more than just repairs—it demands careful planning to restore safety and prevent future damage. From selecting reliable contractors to ensuring utility safety, taking the right steps can make rebuilding smoother and more secure.

Finding Reliable Contractors and Service Providers

Verify contractor credentials through the Consumer and Business Affairs Department and seek referrals from trusted sources.

Handling Repair Contracts

Obtain multiple estimates, verify contractors’ licenses, and avoid full upfront payments. Understand repair contracts before signing.

Restoring Utilities Safely

Hire professionals to inspect electric power lines, gas lines, and propane tanks for safety before restoring service.

Preparing for Future Wildfires

Being proactive is key to wildfire preparedness. Start by creating a comprehensive wildfire safety plan that includes an evacuation plan with different escape routes and a clear strategy for protecting your home.

Ensure that fire-suppression tools—such as garden hoses, buckets of water, and fire extinguishers—are easily accessible. Reduce fire hazards by clearing combustible materials around your property and maintaining a defensible space, which helps slow the spread of fire and increases your home’s protection.

Choosing the Right Insurance Coverage

Selecting the right insurance agent is just as important as fire prevention. Work with a licensed professional who understands Southern California’s wildfire risks and ensures that your insurance policy covers structural repairs, temporary housing, and personal belongings. Keeping an up-to-date Residential Insurance Contact List allows for quick access to essential policy details during an emergency.

Fire-Resistant Materials for Better Protection

Wildfires are unpredictable, but the right fire-resistant materials can make all the difference in protecting your home.

Upgrading to Class A fire-rated roofing materials—such as asphalt, metal, or tile—creates a heatproof, flame-retardant barrier against airborne embers and radiant heat.

Ember-resistant vents prevent toxic smoke, harmful particles, and embers from infiltrating your home through ventilation systems, reducing the risk of ignition.

Additionally, Cal Fire's defensible space guidelines emphasize the importance of clearing vegetation and combustible materials around your property to slow fire spread. Taking these proactive steps now can help prevent catastrophic damage when the next wildfire strikes.

Disaster Preparedness Essentials

The CDC and OSHA recommend wearing an N95 or P100 mask to filter out toxic airborne particles from wildfire smoke, including PM2.5, PM10, and heavy metals. Safety goggles protect against smoke irritants, while protective clothing shields the skin from hazardous debris. Keeping these essentials on hand can significantly reduce health risks during and after a wildfire.

Navigating Insurance and Financial Recovery After a Fire

Recovering from a fire is an emotional and financial challenge, and dealing with insurance can feel daunting. Having a clear plan for filing claims, working with adjusters, and making the most of your coverage can ease the burden and help you rebuild with confidence.

Filing Insurance Claims

Report fire damage to your insurance company immediately. Provide insurance policies, policy details, and document damage with photos, videos, and receipts for emergency expenses to support your insurance claim. Work closely with your insurance adjuster to ensure an accurate damage assessment and avoid delays in processing insurance proceeds.

Insurance companies process insurance claims based on documented losses. To ensure a successful claim, homeowners should collaborate with their insurance agent and insurance adjuster throughout the recovery process, providing detailed records of damages, repair estimates, and emergency expenses.

For uninsured or underinsured residents, FEMA disaster relief grants can help cover fire damage, providing critical financial support when insurance policies do not fully compensate for losses.

Understanding Insurance Policies

Review policy exclusions, reimbursement terms, and coverage updates. Some policies may not cover damage from steep slopes or low water pressure. Ensure you have adequate protection for future risks. ome policies may not cover damage caused by steep slopes, low water pressure, or other specific exclusions.

Additionally, the IRS allows homeowners to claim tax deductions for fire-related losses on federal income tax returns, but only if the losses occur due to a federally declared disaster. Excise tax returns are not applicable for such deductions. Homeowners may also qualify for insurance reimbursements or FEMA disaster relief grants to help offset financial hardship, though these grants are generally not considered taxable income.

Mental Health and Community Support

Wildfires take a toll not just on property but also on mental health. Emotional recovery, access to health care, and community support are essential for rebuilding resilience and well-being.

Coping with the Emotional Impact

Wildfires can be traumatic. Seek support from mental health professionals and community resources.

Accessing Health Care Resources

Fire survivors exposed to poor air quality should monitor their health. Resources include:

  • Mental Health Services Administration for crisis counseling.
  • Local Clinics for treating chronic health conditions.

Community Support

Disaster Recovery Centers offer financial aid, housing solutions, and legal assistance. Nonprofits and community centers provide essentials like food and clothing.

Taking proactive steps in insurance, financial recovery, and mental health support can ensure a smoother path to rebuilding after a wildfire.

Final Thoughts

From the recent fires, family, friends, colleagues and customers have lost homes or been temporarily displaced.  All of us are dealing with the toxic aftermath.  from lingering smoke contamination to hazardous materials settling inside homes. Recovery isn't just about rebuilding; it also requires addressing health risks, restoring air quality, and ensuring financial stability through proper insurance claims.

Take the time to create a comprehensive cleaning plan to remove toxic residues effectively. If you hire someone to do the fire damage cleaning, make sure they are using the correct equipment and at the very least following this three-step procedure.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. How do I check if my home insurance covers wildfires?

To determine whether your homeowners insurance covers damage from devastating fires, follow these steps:

  • Review Your Policy – Check for policy exclusions related to wildfire damage and insurance claim disputes. Some policies may not cover damages if your home lacks fire-rated roofing materials, defensible space, or Class A roofing materials.
  • Contact Your Insurance Provider – Call your insurance adjuster or contact The California Department of Insurance at 1-800-927-4357 or visit dcba.lacounty.gov for help understanding insurance proceeds, insurance reimbursements, and coverage gaps.
  • California FAIR Plan – If your insurance has limited or uninsured coverage for fire-damaged properties, consider the California FAIR Plan, which offers adequate insurance for high-risk wildfire areas.
  • Avoid Scams – Be cautious of insurance scams. Report fraud at tinyurl.com/Fire-Scams to protect your insurance claim success rate.
  • Disaster Relief Grants – If you don’t have sufficient insurance, you may qualify for FEMA disaster relief grants, Small Business Administration (SBA) Disaster Loans, or housing assistance for wildfire survivors.

Keeping documented evidence of your home’s condition, insurance claims, and estimates for repairs can help you dispute any unfair claim denials.

 

2. What are the best air purifiers for wildfire smoke?

To protect your home from lingering smoke contamination and improve indoor air quality (AQI) after a wildfire, invest in an air-purifying device with the following features:

  • HEPA Filtration Effectiveness – A purifier with HEPA filtration removes particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10) and airborne toxins, reducing respiratory illness risk factors like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma triggers, and long-term inhalation risks.
  • Activated Carbon Filters – Essential for removing carbon monoxide exposure and toxic smoke particles that contribute to indoor HVAC system contamination risk.
  • Smart Air Quality Monitoring – A purifier with an air toxicity level sensor helps track particulate matter concentration and HVAC contamination risks in real time.

Installing air-tight, ember-resistant vents and upgrading your HVAC system with flame-retardant insulation can help minimize structural integrity post-fire risks.

 

3. How do I remove the smell of smoke from my home?

After a wildfire, persistent smoke contamination can linger in HVAC ducts, furniture, and walls, impacting indoor air quality (AQI). Steps to decontaminate, sanitize, and purify your home:

  • HEPA Air Filtration & HVAC Cleaning – Run a HEPA filtration system continuously and replace HVAC system filters to eliminate trapped particulate matter.
  • Wet-Wipe Cleaning & Vacuuming – Use HEPA vacuuming followed by wet wiping with non-toxic, air-purifying solutions to decontaminate surfaces.
  • Charcoal & Baking Soda Absorption – Place activated charcoal and baking soda around the house to absorb lingering smoke contamination.
  • Seal & Replace Damaged Materials – If the smoke contamination level is high, consider sealing walls with smoke-blocking primers or replacing smoke-damaged insulation and drywall.
  • Professional Air Quality Inspection – If the smell persists, hire an expert to inspect HVAC contamination risks and recommend air-purifying treatments.

Using fire-resistant siding, Class A roofing materials, and gutter guards can help prevent future HVAC contamination risks.

 

4. What are the legal rights of renters after a wildfire?

If you are a renter affected by devastating fires, you have legal rights under California law:

  • Evacuation Assistance & Housing Support – FEMA, HUD, and local Disaster Recovery Centers provide housing assistance, temporary locations, and constituent service teams for wildfire survivors.
  • Landlord Responsibilities – Landlords must ensure rental units are safe and habitable. If structural integrity post-fire is compromised, you may qualify for evacuation assistance funding or rental reimbursement.
  • Security Deposits & Lease Termination – If your home is uninhabitable due to HVAC contamination, air toxicity levels, or structural damage, you may be entitled to early lease termination and security deposit refunds.
  • Filing Insurance Claims – If your rental insurance policy covers smoke contamination and personal property damage, contact your insurance adjuster immediately to file a claim.

For legal services, visit dcba.lacounty.gov or call 1-844-284-2676 for assistance to disaster survivors.

 

5. What emergency resources are available for wildfire victims?

Wildfire victims can access federal assistance and disaster relief grants through the following organizations:

  • FEMA Disaster Recovery Centers – Provides temporary housing assistance, evacuation assistance funding, and individuals for disaster assistance.
  • Red Cross Emergency Shelters – Offers food, water, and housing assistance to wildfire survivors.
  • Small Business Administration (SBA) Disaster Loans – Low-interest business property loans for rebuilding after ongoing wildfires.
  • EPA Air Quality Monitoring – Tracks air toxicity levels, particulate matter concentration, and carbon monoxide exposure thresholds in affected areas.
  • IRS Disaster Tax Relief – Offers extra time for annual tax returns, excise tax returns, and federal tax returns for those affected by ongoing wildfires.
    • Call IRS Toll-Free Disaster Assistance Hotline for help
  • U.S. Postal Service (USPS) Mail Recovery – Provides delivery services and address updates for displaced individuals.
    • Visit about.usps.com/newsroom/local-releases/ca for updates

Keeping all documents related to insurance claims, business property losses, and home repair reimbursement rates can ensure maximum compensatory relief.

Bryan and his beautiful wife Jannel, a kindergarten teacher
Bryan Angstman and his wife Jannel, a kindergarten teacher

About the Author

Bryan Angstman is an air quality specialist and allergy detoxification expert with over 20 years of experience in professional cleaning and consulting through Naturally Green Cleaning in Los Angeles. Before founding Naturally Green Cleaning, he spent a decade at the University of Minnesota conducting air quality research and sick building syndrome investigations, focusing on indoor environmental health.
His expertise in eco-friendly carpet cleaning and indoor detoxification has earned widespread recognition. In 2012, Naturally Green Cleaning was named Best Carpet Cleaner in the South Bay by the Daily Breeze Newspaper. His dedication to safe, chemical-free cleaning solutions continues to help homeowners and businesses maintain healthier indoor environments.
To learn more or schedule a consultation, contact Naturally Green Cleaning at 800-731-5769.

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